2022/10/31

Top ten cellular mechanisms that point to Design and Creation

Top ten cellular mechanisms that point to Design and Creation
It takes a lot more faith to believe in the theory of evolution than to believe in God.
  1. Motor proteins transferring cargo. They are 'two-legged' top speed protein complexes that run at microtubules without colliding with each other. Collision prevention is done by coded traffic rules. They can run at huge speed, proportional to cars, 300 km/h (180 mph).


  2. The MO-1 marine bacteria have seven complex ion flow motors synchronized with a 24-gear planetary gearbox for producing maximum power. They achieve an incredible speed, proportional to human swimming speed, 100 km/h (60 mph). Fine-tunable torque. Forward-backward directions with extremely rapid (1/4 round) change. Efficiency is better than in any human designed electric motor.


  3. The cell is able to modify DNA bases intentionally along to adaptational needs. This can be done with specific enzymes such as APOBEC3 and A3G. Beneficial DNA alterations are no random changes.

  4. The cell is able to modify any RNA bases with specific enzymes belonging to APOBEC and ADAR families.

  5. The cell is able to produce tens of thousands of different proteins by reading one DNA sequence without modifying DNA. This mechanism is called Alternative Splicing.


  6. Histone code. Histone epigenetic markers represent a biological registry database. DNA is wrapped around histones (compression protein coils), Every histone coil has 8 tails that may carry tens or even hundreds of epigenetic markers. There are over 15 different types of almost atom sized markings. Each marker acts as a memory marker for epigenetic regulation. The histone code is necessary for cellular differentiation. It's inherited by transmission of non coding RNA.


  7. A/D converters in the cell. There are both analog and digital information in the cell. Methylation profiles are analog information, histone markers are digital information. Some histone markings cause the chromatin to be folded and this affects transcriptional activity.

  8. ATP. Another motor structure in the cell.



  9. The total volume of DNA of every living taxonomic families is extremely small. It would fit into a mosquito's proboscis.

  10. DNA repair mechanisms. There are several complex epigenetic driven mechanisms being able to rapidly repair different types of DNA damage. How do those proteins recognize which sequence is not valid? How do they recognize the correct DNA sequence?


2022/10/30

Evolutionary Agenda vs True Science

Evolutionary Agenda vs True Science

Evolution believers use the same arguments by which they try to maintain their pseudoscientific theory. Here we compare those typical arguments and claims with serious scientific observations regarding organismal change and what it results in.

The theory of evolution

Serious science

Organisms change due to random genetic mutations. Natural selection means survival of the fittest. This means that individuals having the best characteristics and traits regarding adaptational needs will be better able to reproduce. This results in the trait being more common in population. Change happens slowly, after millions of years.

An example: Mutations in Darwin's finches have driven some of them to seed eaters, others to insect eaters etc.

Organisms change due to epigenetic regulation. There is no need for changes in DNA in order to the organism being able to adapt to changing environment. Change is based on coded epigenetic mechanisms: signals, encoding, decoding, responses, regulation. These changes are inheritable but they are dynamic and reversible.

An example: When Darwin's finches start to eat seeds, the nutritional compounds affect the birds' epigenome that transmit signals to their cells. This will result in changes in their cellular epigenetic mechanisms and factors. Change occurs rapidly, just in a couple of generations. Offspring will have stronger beaks.

Mechanisms of evolution: Random mutations and Natural selection.

Random mutations are results of genetic entropy. They are not beneficial alterations but harmful changes that lead to genetic load. There are 1,134,942 harmful genetic mutations in human genome worldwide but the number of fully beneficial mutations is 0.

Speciation is evolution.

The most significant mechanisms behind speciation are alternative splicing and RNA-editing. There's no need for DNA changes in order to have new species. Speciation is nothing more but variation within basic groups (kinds) of organisms.

DNA controls cellular mechanisms.

Epigenetic mechanisms control reading (transcription), marking (methylation), repair and even writing to DNA. Specific enzymes such as APOBEC3 and A3G are capable of editing DNA bases along to adaptational needs.

DNA dictates organismal traits and characteristics.

Because virtually every cell in an organism contains the same DNA, then there has to be another information layer that controls cellular differentiation, tissue type, organ function and body plan. This regulatory information layer is called epigenetic mechanisms and factors.




2022/10/14

Top ten reasons why I don't believe in the theory of evolution

Top ten reasons why I don't believe in the theory of evolution

1. Human vs. chimp DNA is only ~85% similar at whole genome level. You may have heard of 98.5% similarity but this is true only by comparing so called protein coding DNA. At protein coding DNA, our DNA is also 98.5% similar with dolphins and pigs, for example. 2. DNA similarity is a wrong way to make predictions about possible phylogenetic relationships between organisms. By comparing non coding RNAs, we will have very different results and a duelling evolutionary tree. You can read about this: https://www.gene-quantification.de/dolgin-rewriting-evolution-2012.pdf 3. Organ transplantations from chimps to humans have been unsuccessful. But soon thousands of people are living normal life after getting a liver, a kidney or even a heart from a pig. Even blood transfusion is not possible from chimp to human. 4. Human/chimp epigenomes are very different. Especially histone code is totally different. 5. Your every cell has virtually identical DNA (Neurons and T-cells make an exception). Have you ever wondered, why your skin cell is different to your muscle cell? They contain identical DNA! This means DNA doesn't determine cellular differentiation and identity. It also means that DNA doesn't dictate tissue type or organ function. DNA doesn't determine body plan or any other organismal characteristics. These all are determined by epigenetic programming. Evolution is not able to produce programming languages. 6. The cell is able to produce thousands of different proteins only by reading one DNA sequence without modifying the DNA. This incredible technique is called Alternative Splicing. It's the most significant mechanism behind protein diversity and biodiversity. It's epigenetically regulated. 7. There are no fully beneficial random DNA mutations in human genome but there are ~2 million harmful genetic errors in human genome at the whole population level. 8. Incredible cellular mechanisms, specific ADAR/APOBEC enzymes are able to modify RNA and even DNA bases. RNA A-to-I editing resembles human network technology called NAT (Network address translation). Random chance is not able to create masquearading techniques. 9. In every human being, there are all necessary DNA sequences in order to produce all possible human skin color varieties. It's all about how those DNA sections are to be transcribed. And again, due to same DNA in your cells, DNA doesn't dictate the skin color. 10. We can observe rapid speciation due to epigenetic controlled alternative splicing. We can also observe rapid corruption of biological information. Evolution has no mechanism. You are free to change my mind.